| Infection/Condition | Precautions | ||
| Type | Duration | Comments | |
| Influenza | |||
| Human (seasonal influenza) | D | 5 days except DI in immuno compromised persons |
Single patient room when available or cohort; avoid placement with high-risk patients; mask patient when transported out of room; chemoprophylaxis/vaccine to control/prevent outbreaks 611. Use gown and gloves according to Standard Precautions may be especially important in pediatric settings. Duration of precautions for immunocompromised patients cannot be defined; prolonged duration of viral shedding (i.e. for several weeks) has been observed; implications for transmission are unknown |
| Avian (e.g., H5N1, H7, H9 strains)) | See www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/professional/infect-control.htm for current avian influenza guidance. |
||
| Pandemic influenza (also a human influenza virus) | D | 5 days from onset of symptoms |
See http://www.pandemicflu.gov for current pandemic influenza guidance. |
（和訳）
| 感染症/病態 | 予防策 | ||
| タイプ | 期間 | コメント | |
| インフルエンザ | |||
| ヒト(季節インフルエンザ) | 飛沫 | 5日間 、ただし免疫不全者は罹病期間中 | できれば個室隔離あるいはコホート（集団隔離）; ハイリスク患者との同室は避ける; 室外に移動するときはマスクをさせる;流行の予防のために化学予防/ワクチンを行う. 標準予防策に準じたガウンと手袋の使用は小児科病棟ではとくに重要であろう. 免疫不全者の隔離期間は明確にできない; ウイルス飛散期間の延長（数週間）が観察される;伝播との関連は不明である |
| トリ(たとえば, H5N1, H7, H9 株)) | 現在のトリインフルエンザガイダンス参照www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/professional/infect-control.htm | ||
| パンデミックインフルエンザ(ヒトインフルエンザの1種でもある) | 飛沫 | 発症から5 日間 | 現在のパンデミックインフルエンザガイダンス参照 http://www.pandemicflu.gov |
American Journal of Infection Control (1998;26:289-354) 、301page,table3より
| Disease/problem | Work restriction | Duration | Category |
| Viral respiratory infections | Consider excluding from the care of high risk patients or contact with their environment during community outbreak of RSV and influenza |
Until acute symptoms resolve | IB |
和訳
| 疾患/問題 | 就労制限 | 期間 | カテゴリー |
| ウイルス性呼吸器感染症 | RSVやインフルエンザの市中流行中は、ハイリスク患者のケア、その環境との接触をしないことを検討する | 急性症状がなくなるまで | IB |
本文338page
22. Viral respiratory infections
a. Administer influenza vaccine annually to all personnel, including pregnant women,before the influenza season, unless otherwise contraindicated (Table 1) Category IB
b. Consider the use of antiviral postexposureprophylaxis for unvaccinated
health care personnel during institutional or community outbreaks of influenza
for
the duration of influenza activity, or consider giving vaccineto unvaccinated
personnel and providing them with antiviral postexposure prophylaxis for 2
weeks after vaccination (Table 1).
Category IB
c. Consider excluding personnel with acute febrile respiratory infections or with laboratory evidence of epidemiologically significant viruses from the care of highrisk patients (e.g., neonates, young infants, patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, and immunocompromised patients) during community outbreaks of influenza or RSV infections (Table 3). Category IB